IMPLEMENTATION AND COMPARISON OF PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION AND GENETIC ALGORITHM TECHNIQUES IN COMBINED ECONOMIC EMISSION DISPATCH OF AN INDEPENDENT POWER PLANT

This paper presents the optimization of fuel cost, emission of NOX, COX, and SOX gases caused by the generators in a thermal power plant using penalty factor approach.Practical constraints such as generator limits and power balance were considered.Two contemporary metaheuristic techniques, particle DUM-DUM swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algor

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: In a world in which global communication is becoming ever more important and in which English is increasingly positioned as the pre-eminent international language, that is, English as a Lingua Franca refers to the use of English as a medium of communication between peoples of different languages.It is important to highlight t

Abstract Ensuring a stable supply of nutritious food for the growing global population is a Boys Hybrid Shorts major challenge, especially through a sustainable food system.Maize is host to a vast microbial community in its root zone.Microorganisms associated with maize play an essential role in enhancing plant growth and productivity.The purpose o

Bactrocera frauenfeldi (Schiner) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is a polyphagous fruit fly pest species that is endemic to Papua New Guinea and has become established in several Pacific Islands and Australia.Despite its economic importance for many crops and the key Dresser role of chemical-mediated sexual communication in the reproductive biology of tephr

Abstract Over the last few decades, maternal health has been a major focus of the international community and this has resulted in a substantial decrease in maternal mortality globally.Although, compared with maternal illness, medical and surgical emergencies account for far more morbidity and mortality, there has been less focus Coffee / Espresso